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连词while的译法

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发表于 2006-4-24 12:40:46 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
 连词while除具有“当时”、“同时”等意义外,根据上下文还有以下不同含义及其不同译法。

  一、引导时间状语从句

  译作“当……时”。例如:

  1. Make hay while the sun shines.

  趁着有太阳晒晒草。



(乘机行事,抓紧时机。)

  2. We must work hard to gain more knowledge while we are young.

  趁着现在还年轻,我们必须刻苦学习,获得更多的知识。

  二、引导让步状语从句

  常放在句首,译作“尽管”、“虽然”,比although或 though语气要轻。例如:

  1. While I believe it is true, I cannot prove it.

  虽然我相信那是真的,但我无法证明。

  2. While any kind of athletic shoe can provide a certain amount of rebound,

  energy-return sneakers are designed to maximize this effect.

  虽然任何一种运动鞋都能提供一定的反弹力,但回力运动鞋能够使这种效果最大化。

  三、引导条件状语从句

  相当于as long as,译作“只要”。例如:

  1. While there is life, there is hope.

  有生命,就有希望。

  2. While a spark of life remains, it is a doctor's duty to save the patient.

  只要病人还有一息生机,医生就有责任挽救。

  四、引导原因状语从句

  相当于since, 有“既然”的意思。例如:

  1. You'll never save any money while you're so extravagant.

  你这么奢侈,永远存不下钱来。

  2. I'd like to get it settled today while we're at it.

  既然我们着手干了,我想今天就把它干完。

  五、连接并列句

  表示对比,相当于whereas,译作“而”、“可是”。例如:

  1. An outdoors man will soon become pale if he changes to an indoor job, while a desk clerk will take on a tan after a short vacation in the sun.

  从事室外工作的人如果调到室内工作,不久肤色就会变白;而一个伏案工作的文员出去度个短假,就会被太阳变黑。

  2. Motion is absolute while stagnation is relative.

  运动是绝对的,而静止是相对的。

  六、连接并列句

  表示递进,相当于and what is more, 译作“并且”、“而且”。例如:

  1. The new man-made fibres are more hardwearing than natural fibres and greatly reduce mending, while good ready-made clothes are cheap and plentiful.

  新的人造纤维比天然纤维耐磨,因此能大大减少修补工作,而且做好的衣服价廉物美,数量也多。

  2. Of course, I resolutely determined not to marry, while I quite forgot to consider at all that great rock of disaster in the working-class world-- sickness.

  当然, 我下定决心不结婚,而且把工人阶级的巨大灾难——疾病,也忘得一干二净。
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